Plankton are small, free-floating organisms that live in aquatic environments. They are important components of the food web and play essential roles in global nutrient cycling and carbon sequestration. Plankton can be divided into two main groups: phytoplankton, which are photosynthetic organisms such as algae and cyanobacteria, and zooplankton, which are non-photosynthetic organisms such as tiny crustaceans, jellyfish, and larvae of fish and invertebrates. Plankton are extremely diverse, with thousands of species known to science, and are found in all types of aquatic environments, from the open ocean to freshwater lakes and rivers. They are also highly sensitive to changes in environmental conditions, such as temperature, light, and nutrient availability, and are therefore considered to be important indicators of ecosystem health and function.
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